here comes from
This is a continuation of the bricks in CPI Forum
energy reaching the Earth and can be used by living things, from the Sun, particularly in the visible light range. Ecologists call PAR (I remember Photosyntesis Active Radiation). There are other ecosystems that are independent of energy from the sun, but hey, apart from being poor follow the same pattern.
solar energy is always the same, so called solar constant it. That's like mom's pay: no more and we have to settle with her. Fortunately, except for some occasions, there are plenty (in most Possible ecosystems) and most of it is lost in the form of inefficiencies in the system.
Photosynthesis is the main mechanism by which we can harness that energy. The plants are our friends. They take energy and packaged in the form of molecules. But as in recipes for mom, not only of butane is a stew. Our friends the plants need nutrients to build these molecules. The most important is coal, since it is our predominant element, but there's more. Mnemonic form is what is known as CHONSP (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur and Phosphorus), which is the list of macronutrients. Carbon, Hydrogen and oxygen are used to build many molecules, such as carbohydrates. Nitrogen is essential for amine groups , the nitrogenous bases of DNA, the amino sulfur is as cysteine, which in turn are important for protein folding (disulfide bonds) and the enzymatic action .
Besides these, other elements needed in smaller quantities, such as Fe (for hemoglobin, for example), Mg (for chlorophyll), Zn (enzymatic action), if (for some structures of some agencies ) ... (The list is quite long). Focusing on
most important: they take
Carbon CO2 plants primarily but also of HCO3. The H and O you can take through the hydrolysis of H2O produced during photosynthesis. More problematic are nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and these trace elements. Nitrogen is usually found in different forms that can be taken up by plants.
molecular nitrogen (N2) although very abundant in the atmosphere (about 70% in concentration) is usually not very profitable because the bond N = N (even if as a double, a triple bond, that I can not place) is very energetic, and therefore difficult to break. However, some plants get it through the action of bacteria, and extraordinary conditions (with [O2] very low). The other sources of nitrogen are nitrate (NO3) and ammonia (NH3). The match is always taken in the form of orthophosphate PO4 (I'm eating the electric charges for not rolling over the account.) And in general the trace elements are taken as ion (Ca2 +, K +...)
As with the light. These nutrients are limited, but they tend to be far more scarce than light. As we saw in the exponential and logistic models. Our bodies grow and grow until they Gase the first of the nutrients. This is the one called "Limiting."
The constraint can be any of them. The light on the seabed, the water in desert environments ... but in general tend to be nitrogen and phosphorus, plus some trace elements such as potassium (which is why fertilizer NPK type usually), iron as happened in areas HNLP (high nutrients, low production: lots of food but
unwilling to work) ... these constraints and space will determine the carrying capacity of the system in a logistic model. Coming soon: another brick in succession.
Author's note: this is a forum post, so you have to abide by the limitations of language php ...
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